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Race, as defined by the United States Census Bureau and the Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB), is a self-identification data item in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify. more...

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The categories represent a social-political construct designed for the race or races they considered themselves to be and "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country". The Office of Management and Budget defines the concept of race as outlined on the US Census to take into account both concepts of ancestry and culture. Race and ethnicity were considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race, all respondents are also categorized by membership in one of two ethnicities: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino. See Ethnicity (United States Census).

Racial categories

The racial classifications used by the Census Bureau adhere to the 30 October 1997, Federal Register Notice entitled "Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity" issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The race categories are:

"American Indian or Alaska Native. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America), and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment.";

"Asian. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example, the Philippine Islands, India, Malaysia, Japan, Cambodia, China, Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam.";

"Black or African American. A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa. Terms such as 'Haitian' or 'Negro' can be used in addition to 'Black' or 'African American.'";

"Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands.";

"White. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa.;

"Some other race." (To increase comparability, the 2010 US Census is planning on removing this category.);

In addition, in 2000 the Census Bureau allowed respondents to check more than racial entry, to satisfy the needs of "people who are not easily classified into a single race." Those who did so were recorded as having selected Two or more races.

The Census 2000

Race was asked differently in the Census 2000 in several ways than previously. Most significantly, respondents were given the option of selecting one or more race categories to indicate their racial identities. Data shows that nearly seven million Americans identified themselves as members of two or more races. Because of these changes, the Census 2000 data on race are not directly comparable with data from the 1990 census or earlier censuses. Caution must be used when interpreting changes in the racial composition of the U.S. population over time.

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